Effect of the hypothyroidism on the skeletal muscle [Soleus] of the adult male albino rat

The thyroid gland is one of the most important endocrine organs that almost all cells of the body are target sites for its hormones, the thyroid state influences markedly both cardiac and skeletal muscles as has been previously reported by many authors. Concerning the skeletal muscles, the hypothyroidism causes atrophy of the muscle fiber and abnormal accumulation of the glycogen. These findings allow a new field for researchers to study the histological picture of the skeletal muscle and the correlation between muscle/body weight ratios in the hypothyroidism. The present study is planned to throw more light on the structure of the skeletal muscle [soleus] and body weight evaluation in the experimentally induced hypothyroid of adult male albino rats. Twenty healthy adult male albino rats, average weight [170 gms each] were used in this study, the body weight evaluated monthly and the skeletal muscle structure was examined histological by light and electron-microscopes after three months of experimentally hypothyroidism. The body weight of the animals were reduced with statistical significant and the skeletal muscle structure affected by experimentally hypothyroidism, where disorganization of the muscle fibers with clear atrophic changes, reduction of the mitochondria and areas of degeneration with abnormal accumulation of glycogen in the skeletal muscle fibers

Management of laparoscopic cholecystectomy complications

This article aimed at throwing a light on management of bile duct injuries inflicted during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The present research included 60 patients, presented with biliary complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. They were selected from Al-Azhar university hospitals and Domiate general Hospitals, in the period from March 2003 to March 2006. The results of this work proved that complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy were well tolerated and the majority of them successfully managed conservatively and those needed surgical interference showed very good results. Although it has some complications, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is advocated to be the procedure of choice in the management of gall bladder diseases [stones] as its complications are tolerated and managed with conservative or surgical treatment with a success rate over 90%

Endoscopic Trans-thoracic sympathectomy in the treatment of primary palmar hyperhidrosis: results and complications

This study aimed to evaluate the results of primary palmer hyperhidrosis by using endoscope transthoracic sympathectomy with particular reference to the complication, the immediate and long term effectiveness of treatment and patient satisfaction with the endoscope results. Twenty patients with bilateral primary hyperhidrosis were treated by endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy on both sides. When the stellate ganglion is uniquely identified by a pad of fat covering it above the head of the first rib, a diathermy hook used to confirm identification by palpating the sympathetic chain and rolling the nerves over the ribs. The 2nd, 3rd and 4th ganglia were cut and preserved for histopathological examination. All patients were relieved of their symptoms except the left side of a female patient [aged 26 years and treated by open surgical method]. Compensatory hyperhidrosis was the only significant side effect and reported in sixty five%. There was no mortality or major complications. Endoscopic transthoracic sympathectomy is safe-easy, reliable and effective way in the treatment of patients with primary palmer hyperhidrosis